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Anaplasma phagocytophilum PCR testing detects the causative agent of Canine Granulocytic Anaplasmosis, a tick-borne disease with zoonotic potential. This pathogen specifically infects neutrophils, causing polyarthritis, fever, and lethargy in dogs. PCR testing provides early detection before antibody responses develop, making it crucial for timely treatment and public health considerations due to its zoonotic nature.
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Anaplasma phagocytophilum is transmitted by Ixodes spp. ticks and infects neutrophils, causing granulocytic anaplasmosis in various species including dogs, cats, horses, and humans. Clinical signs in dogs typically include fever, lethargy, lameness, and polyarthritis, with laboratory abnormalities such as thrombocytopenia, mild anemia, and elevated liver enzymes. Unlike A. platys, it does not cause cyclic infections but can cause more acute clinical disease. Its zoonotic potential makes prompt diagnosis important both for animal health and public health considerations.
Clinical Significance of A. phagocytophilum Testing
One Health Importance: Zoonotic potential with relevance to both animal and human health.
Acute Clinical Disease: Causes potentially severe symptoms requiring prompt intervention.
Neutrophil Infection: Unlike A. platys, specifically targets and forms morulae in neutrophils.
Geographic Distribution: Important in areas with Ixodes tick populations.
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